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Ofloxacin CAS: 82419-36-1
Ofloxacin ni umuti uvura indwara za fluoroquinolone ukozwe mu buryo bwa siporo ufite imbaraga zo kurwanya bagiteri nyinshi za garama-negative na garama-positive. Ibuza bagiteri ADN gyrase na topoisomerase IV enzymes, ikabangamira ukwiyongera kwa ADN ndetse bigatuma uturemangingo twa bagiteri dupfa. Ofloxacin iboneka mu buryo bwo kunywera, bwo mu mubiri no mu mitsi, ikunze gutangwa mu kuvura indwara zitandukanye, harimo indwara zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero, indwara zo mu myanya y'inkari, indwara zo mu ruhu no mu bice byoroshye by'umubiri, ndetse n'indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina. Ifite imikorere myinshi, uburyo bwiza bwo gufata imiti, ndetse n'ubushobozi bwo kuvura bituma ofloxacin iba uburyo bw'ingirakamaro bwo kuvura haba mu gace k'iwabo no mu bitaro.
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Norfloxacin CAS: 70458-96-7
Norfloxacin ni umuti uvura indwara za fluoroquinolone ukozwe mu buryo bwa "synthetic antibiyotike" ufite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya bagiteri za gram-negative na zimwe muri gram-positive. Ibuza ADN gyrase ya bagiteri na topoisomerase IV, enzymes z'ingenzi zigira uruhare mu kongera no gusana ADN, bityo ikagira ingaruka mbi ku mikorobe. Norfloxacin iboneka mu miti inyobwa, harimo ibinini n'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zitandukanye za bagiteri, nk'indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari, indwara zo mu gifu, indwara zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero, n'indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina. Ikunze gutangwa bitewe n'ubushobozi bwayo, kwihanganira no gukoresha neza imiti.
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Nisin CAS: 1414-45-5
Nisin ni peptide karemano irwanya udukoko ikorwa n'ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa bagiteri ya Lactococcus lactis. Iri mu bwoko bwa lantibiotike, irangwa n'imiterere yayo yihariye irimo lanthionine na aside amine za methyllanthionine. Nisin igaragaza imbaraga zikomeye zo kurwanya bagiteri nyinshi zifite gram-positive, harimo n'udukoko twandurira mu biribwa nka Listeria monocytogenes na Staphylococcus aureus. Bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwayo burambye kandi ihura n'imiterere itandukanye yo gutunganya ibiribwa, nisin ikoreshwa cyane nk'ikintu kidapfa kwangirika mu nganda z'ibiribwa kugira ngo ibuze bagiteri gukura no kongera igihe cyo kumara ibiryo bishobora kwangirika.
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Oxytetracycline dihydrate CAS: 6153-64-6
Oxytetracycline dihydrate ni ubwoko bwa oxytetracycline, antibiyotike ifite imiterere myinshi iri mu itsinda rya tetracycline. Kimwe n'izindi tetracycline, ibuza poroteyine ya bagiteri gukorana n'igice cya 30S ribosomal, bityo ikagira ingaruka za bagiteri kuri bagiteri nyinshi za garama-positive na garama-negative. Oxytetracycline dihydrate isa n'iya oxytetracycline ariko ikubiyemo molekile ebyiri z'amazi mu miterere yayo ya kristu. Iboneka mu buryo butandukanye bw'imiti bukoreshwa n'abantu ndetse n'amatungo.
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Ornidazole CAS: 16773-42-5
Ornidazole ni umuti urwanya udukoko twa nitroimidazole hamwe n’umuti urwanya protozoal ufite imikorere migari mu kurwanya bagiteri na protozoa. Ikora mu kwangiza ADN y’udukoko twanduza udukoko, bigatuma dupfa. Ornidazole iboneka mu buryo bwo kunywa, harimo ibinini n’imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zitandukanye, nka bagiteri vaginosis, trichomoniasis, giardiasis, na amoebiasis. Ikunze gutangwa bitewe n’ubushobozi bwayo, kwihanganira, no kugabanya urugero rw’imiti.
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Oxacillin sodium salt monohydrate CAS: 7240-38-2
Oxacillin sodium salt monohydrate ni antibiyotike ya beta-lactam ifite spectrum nto, isa na oxacillin sodium salt, hamwe n'umusemburo umwe w'amazi mu miterere yayo ya kristu. Imeze nka methicillin na nafcillin, igira ingaruka nziza ku miterere ya staphylococci ikora penicillinase. Oxacillin sodium salt monohydrate ibuza imikorere y'urukuta rw'uturemangingo twa bagiteri binyuze mu kubangamira imikoranire ya peptidoglycan, ikagira ingaruka mbi ku binyabuzima bishobora kwandura. Iboneka mu buryo bw'inshinge zo guterwa mu mitsi cyangwa mu mitsi, ikunze gukoreshwa mu bitaro mu kuvura indwara ziterwa n'ubwoko bwa Staphylococcus aureus ikora penicillinase.
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Pefloxacin mesylate CAS: 70458-95-6
Pefloxacin mesylate ni umuti uvura indwara ya fluoroquinolone ukozwe mu buryo bwa "synthetic antibacterial antibacterial" ufite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya bagiteri za garama na garama. Ukora mu kubuza ADN ya bagiteri gukorana na enzymes nka ADN gyrase na topoisomerase IV, bigatuma habaho ingaruka mbi ku mikorobe. Mesylate ya Pefloxacin iboneka mu miti itandukanye ikoreshwa mu kunyobwa no mu gutera inshinge, itanga uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura indwara zitandukanye za bagiteri.
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Umunyu wa Novobiocin umunyu CAS: 1476-53-5
Umunyu wa sodium Novobiocin ni umuti ukomoka kuri mikorobe ukomoka mu muryango wa coumarin, wakuwe mu bwoko bwa Streptomyces. Ugaragaza imikorere ya antibiyotike mu buryo bwagutse, cyane cyane kuri bagiteri za gram-positive, binyuze mu gukumira ADN gyrase, enzyme y'ingenzi igira uruhare mu ikorwa rya ADN no kuyihindura. Novobiocin ikunze gukoreshwa muri laboratwari za microbiology kubera gukumira Staphylococcus aureus n'izindi staphylococci za coagulase, bigatuma iba igikoresho cy'ingirakamaro cyo kumenya bagiteri no gupima uburyo bwo kurwanya mikorobe.
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Nitrocefin CAS: 41906-86-9
Nitrocefin ni chromogenic cephalosporin substrate ikoreshwa muri mikorobiyoloji mu kumenya imikorere ya beta-lactamase muri bagiteri. Ikora nk'igikoresho cyo gusuzuma bagiteri zikora enzymes za beta-lactamase zishobora gushonga antibiyotike za beta-lactam, nka penisiline na cephalosporins. Nitrocefin ihinduka ibara kuva ku muhondo ijya ku mutuku iyo hari beta-lactamase, bigatuma umuntu abona vuba imikorere ya enzyme. Iyi miterere ituma nitrocefin iba igikoresho cy'agaciro muri laboratwari z'ubuvuzi mu gusuzuma udukoko twa bagiteri no kuyobora ibyemezo byo kuvura antibiyotike.
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Fosfeti ya Oleandomycin CAS: 7060-74-4
Oleandomycin phosphate ni antibiyotike ya macrolide ikomoka kuri Streptomyces antibioticus, izwiho gukora antibiyotike zagutse mu kurwanya bagiteri za gram-positive. Ibuza poroteyine ya bagiteri gukorana n'igice cya 50S ribosomal, bigatuma habaho ingaruka za bagiteri. Oleandomycin phosphate ikoreshwa cyane mu buvuzi bw'amatungo mu kuvura indwara za bagiteri mu matungo no mu nkoko. Iboneka mu buryo bukwiriye gukoreshwa mu kanwa kugira ngo ikemure indwara z'ubuhumekero, indwara z'igifu, n'izindi ndwara za bagiteri zifata amatungo.
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Natamycin (Pimaricin) CAS: 7681-93-8
Natamycin, izwi kandi nka pimaricin, ni umuti urwanya udukoko ukomoka ku bwoko bwa bagiteri Streptomyces natalensis. Ikoreshwa cyane nk'umuti urinda ibiryo gukura kw'ibihumyo n'umusemburo mu bikomoka ku mata bitandukanye, inyama, n'ibiryo bitetse. Natamycin igira akamaro mu kurwanya ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibihumyo, harimo Aspergillus, Penicillium, na Fusarium, mu gihe itekanye ku bantu. Uyu muti uzwiho kudahinduka, kwihanganira ubushyuhe, no kugira ingaruka nke ku miterere y'ibiribwa, bigatuma uba amahitamo meza mu gukora no kubika ibiryo.
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Nadifloxacin CAS: 124858-35-1
Nadifloxacin ni umuti uvura indwara zitandukanye z'uruhu witwa fluoroquinolone. Ugaragaza imbaraga zikomeye zo kwica bagiteri nyinshi, cyane cyane izifata acne vulgaris na dermatitis. Nadifloxacin ikora mu kubuza ko ADN ya bagiteri ikora, bityo ikangiza neza bagiteri zangiza ku ruhu. Uyu muti uboneka mu buryo bw'amavuta, gel, cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga yo gukoreshwa inyuma. Wihanganirwa neza kandi ukunze kwandikirwa n'inzobere mu by'ubuzima bitewe n'ubushobozi bwawo n'umutekano wawo mu ndwara z'uruhu.
